ASTM E1397-1991(2008) 体外大鼠肝细胞DNA修复检验的标准实施规程
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【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforInVitroRatHepatocyteDNARepairAssay
【原文标准名称】:体外大鼠肝细胞DNA修复检验的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTME1397-1991(2008)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1991
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:F04.16
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:DNA(deoxyribonucleicacid);Geneticexamination;HepatocyteDNArepairassay;Rats;Thymidine
【摘要】:MeasurementofchemicallyinducedDNArepairisameansofassessingtheabilityofachemicaltoreachandaltertheDNA.DNArepairisanenzymaticprocessthatinvolvestherecognitionandexcisionofDNA-chemicaladductfollowedbyDNAstrandpolymerizationandligationtorestoretheoriginalprimarystructureoftheDNA(7).ThisprocesscanbequantitatedbymeasuringtheamountoflabeledthymidineincorporatedintothenuclearDNAofcellsthatarenotinS-phaseandisoftencalledunscheduledDNAsynthesis(UDS)(8).NumerousassayshavebeendevelopedforthemeasurementofchemicallyinducedDNArepairinvariouscelllinesandprimarycellculturesfrombothrodentandhumanorigin(9).TheprimaryrathepatocyteDNArepairassaydevelopedbyWilliams(10)hasproventobeparticularlyvaluableinassessingthegenotoxicactivityandpotentialcarcinogenicityofchemicals(11),(12).Genotoxicactivityisoftenproducedbyreactivemetabolitesofachemical.Theinvitrorathepatocyteassayprovidesasysteminwhichametabolicallycompetentcellisitselfthetargetcellformeasuredgenotoxicity.Mostothershort-termtestsforgenotoxicityemployaratliverhomogenate(S-9)formetabolicactivation,whichdiffersmarkedlyinmanyimportantwaysfromthepatternsofactivationanddetoxificationthatactuallyoccurinhepatocytes.AnextensiveliteratureisavailableontheuseofinvitrohepatocyteDNArepairassays(2,3,6,13-28).1.1ThispracticecoversatypicalprocedureandguidelinesforconductingtheratinvitrohepatocyteDNArepairassay.Theprocedurespresentedherearebasedonsimilarprotocolsthathavebeenshowntobereliable(1-6).1.2Mentionoftradenamesorcommercialproductsaremeantonlyasexamplesandnotasendorsements.Othersuppliersormanufacturersofequivalentproductsareacceptable.1.3ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthisstandard.1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcernsassociatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:B41
【国际标准分类号】:07_080
【页数】:8P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【原文标准名称】:体外大鼠肝细胞DNA修复检验的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTME1397-1991(2008)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1991
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:F04.16
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:DNA(deoxyribonucleicacid);Geneticexamination;HepatocyteDNArepairassay;Rats;Thymidine
【摘要】:MeasurementofchemicallyinducedDNArepairisameansofassessingtheabilityofachemicaltoreachandaltertheDNA.DNArepairisanenzymaticprocessthatinvolvestherecognitionandexcisionofDNA-chemicaladductfollowedbyDNAstrandpolymerizationandligationtorestoretheoriginalprimarystructureoftheDNA(7).ThisprocesscanbequantitatedbymeasuringtheamountoflabeledthymidineincorporatedintothenuclearDNAofcellsthatarenotinS-phaseandisoftencalledunscheduledDNAsynthesis(UDS)(8).NumerousassayshavebeendevelopedforthemeasurementofchemicallyinducedDNArepairinvariouscelllinesandprimarycellculturesfrombothrodentandhumanorigin(9).TheprimaryrathepatocyteDNArepairassaydevelopedbyWilliams(10)hasproventobeparticularlyvaluableinassessingthegenotoxicactivityandpotentialcarcinogenicityofchemicals(11),(12).Genotoxicactivityisoftenproducedbyreactivemetabolitesofachemical.Theinvitrorathepatocyteassayprovidesasysteminwhichametabolicallycompetentcellisitselfthetargetcellformeasuredgenotoxicity.Mostothershort-termtestsforgenotoxicityemployaratliverhomogenate(S-9)formetabolicactivation,whichdiffersmarkedlyinmanyimportantwaysfromthepatternsofactivationanddetoxificationthatactuallyoccurinhepatocytes.AnextensiveliteratureisavailableontheuseofinvitrohepatocyteDNArepairassays(2,3,6,13-28).1.1ThispracticecoversatypicalprocedureandguidelinesforconductingtheratinvitrohepatocyteDNArepairassay.Theprocedurespresentedherearebasedonsimilarprotocolsthathavebeenshowntobereliable(1-6).1.2Mentionoftradenamesorcommercialproductsaremeantonlyasexamplesandnotasendorsements.Othersuppliersormanufacturersofequivalentproductsareacceptable.1.3ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthisstandard.1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcernsassociatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:B41
【国际标准分类号】:07_080
【页数】:8P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语
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